CRASH COURSE Outtakes
In which John Green teaches you that things don’t always go as planned on the Crash Course set. Here we have outtakes from our Crash Course in Literature and some of the early US History episodes. Warning: there is some censored profanity in this video. It’s pretty mild, you can probably handle it.
Partial Pressures & Vapor Pressure: Crash Course Chemistry #15
This week we continue to spend quality time with gases, more deeply investigating some principles regarding pressure - including John Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures, vapor pressure - and demonstrating the method for collecting gas over water.
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Women in the 19th Century: Crash Course US History #16
In which John Green finally gets around to talking about some women’s history. In the 19th Century, the United States was changing rapidly, as we noted in the recent Market Revolution and Reform Movements episodes. Things were also in a state of flux for women. The reform movements, which were in large part driven by women, gave these self-same women the idea that they could work on their own behalf, and radically improve the state of their own lives. So, while these women were working on prison reform, education reform, and abolition, they also started talking about equal rights, universal suffrage, temperance, and fair pay. Women like Susan B. Anthony, Carry Nation, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, the Grimkés, and Lucretia Mott strove tirelessly to improve the lot of American women, and it worked, eventually. John will teach you about the Christian Temperance Union, the Seneca Falls Convention, the Declaration of Sentiments, and a whole bunch of other stuff that made life better for women.
Real Gases: Crash Course Chemistry #14
Hank bursts our ideal gas law bubble, er, balloon, and brings us back to reality, explaining how the constants in the gas law aren’t all that constant; how the ideal gas law we’ve spent the past two weeks with has to be corrected for volume because atoms and molecules take up space and for pressure because they’re attracted to each other; that Einstein was behind a lot more of what we know today than most people realize; and how a Dutch scientist named Johannes van der Waals figured out those correction factors in the late 19th century and earned a Nobel Prize for his efforts.
19th Century Reforms: Crash Course US History #15
In which John Green teaches you about various reform movements in the 19th century United States. From Utopian societies to the Second Great Awakening to the Abolition movement, American society was undergoing great changes in the first half of the 19th century. Attempts at idealized societies popped up (and universally failed) at Utopia, OH, New Harmony, IN, Modern Times, NY, and many other places around the country. These utopians had a problem with mainstream society, and their answer was to withdraw into their own little worlds. Others didn’t like the society they saw, and decided to try to change it. Relatively new protestant denominations like the Methodists and Baptists reached out to “the unchurched” during the Second Great Awakening, and membership in evangelical sects of Christianity rose quickly. At the same time, Abolitionist societies were trying to free the slaves. Americans of the 19th century had looked at the world they were living in, and decided to change it.
We don’t live in a perfect world, and neither do gases - it would be great if their particles always fulfilled the assumptions of the ideal gas law, and we could use PV=nRT to get the right answer every time. Unfortunately, the ideal gas law (like our culture) has unrealistic expectations when it comes to size and attraction: it assumes that particles do not have size at all and that they never attract each other. So the ideal gas “law” often becomes little more than the ideal gas estimate when it comes to what gases do naturally. But it’s a close enough estimate in enough situations that it’s very valuable to know. In this episode, Hank goes through a bunch of calculations according to the ideal gas law so you can get familiar with it.
